The subject of this course is based on the basic subjects of production and dissemination (reporting) of financial information. It is intended to highlight and demonstrate the importance of financial information, materialized in the financial report, in the economic decision of the various users of the financial statements, not forgetting the importance of non-financial information In this regard, the subjects of this curricular unit aim to deepen the study of the theoretical and practical foundations of accounting, taxation and relevant corporate aspects in specific domains, such as: - Examination of the annual accounts and the reliability of financial information; - The financial reporting process, materialized in the preparation of the financial statements within the scope of the accounting standardization system (SNC); - The process of rendering accounts to holders of capital under the scope of the Commercial Companies Code, with special emphasis on the Management Report; - The process and legal requirements for accountability to the Tax and Customs Authority and other public entities; - The rendering of accounts of entities with non-corporate formation; - Analysis and understanding of an entity's annual report and accounts. In addition, the basic concepts of analysis and interpretation of the accounting quantities reflected in the financial statements are developed. Particular emphasis is placed on the analysis of accounting information on the basis of accrual versus cash basis, with emphasis on the statement of cash flows. The demonstration of results by function also deserves the proper theoretical-practical approach. The study methodology is based on theoretical and practical bases, using case studies.
Objectives and learning outcomes
1. Acquire a systematic and holistic view of the conceptual and normative structure of financial reporting. 2. Understand accounting as an information system and its usefulness for economic decision; 3. Understand the meaning and scope of accounting information versus financial information; 4. Prepare and analyze the financial statements of a company; 5. Seize the fundamental concepts and procedures of accountability to capital holders, in corporate form; 6. Understand the meaning and scope of Simplified Business Information (IES) and Tax Dossier; 7. Make known the essential aspects of accountability of entities with non-corporate form. 8. Analyze and understand the segment report and environmental report.
Skills to develop
At the end of the course, students should be able to:
- Understand accounting information; - Understand financial information; - Apply the accounting system under national jurisdiction. - Examine the accounts; - Prepare the financial statements provided for in the SNC; - Read and interpret the documents that materialize the rendering of accounts in Portugal and its legal framework; - Prepare the management report; - Prepare the accountability documents within the scope of the HEI; - Prepare the documents that make up the tax dossier; - Acquire basic knowledge about segment reporting and environmental reporting.
Programme
1. Analysis and interpretation of current accounting standards: International Standards, adopted in the EU (IAS; IFRS; SIC; and IFRIC); and National Normative (NCRF; NCRF-PE; NI; NC-ME; and NC-ESNL). 2. The financial statements of the SNC: conceptual structure; bases for presentation of the financial statements; structure, content and models of financial statements (NCRF 1). 3. Transition to NCRF (adoption of NCRF for the first time): Concepts, study and application of NCRF themes 3. 4. Accounting policies, changes in estimates, and errors: Concepts, study and application of NCRF themes 4. 5. Preparatory work prior to the preparation of the financial statements (scope; analysis of accounts; and regularization): Resolution of practical cases. 6. Preparation and presentation of the SNC's financial statements: Balance sheet; Income statement by nature; Income statement by function; Cash flow statement; Statement of changes in equity; and Annex disclosures required as a result of applying the NCRF. Study and resolution of practical cases and application of NCRF 1, 2, 4 and 24). 7. Analysis and interpretation of financial statements and related disclosures: practical applications. 8. Analysis and interpretation of reports that include non-financial data and information. 9. Accountability in companies to shareholders of capital (duty to report management and present accounts; management report; financial statements and responsibility for their preparation and presentation; Legal Certification of Accounts and Report and Opinion of the Supervisory Body; and Appreciation, approval and publicity of the annual accounts): Study and resolution of practical cases. 10. Accountability to the Tax and Customs Authority (AT) and Other Public Entities: Scope and applicable legislation; The tax dossier; Simplified business information (HEI); and Single Report: Application to practical cases. 11. Accountability of entities with non-corporate form: cooperatives and entities in the non-profit sector. 12. Financial reporting by operating segments (references to IFRS 8). 13. Environmental matters: Accounting treatment of environmental effects; environmental report (references to NCRF 22).
Demonstration of the syllabus coherence with the curricular unit's learning objectives
The curricular unit was structured in order to observe the coherence of the syllabus contents and the defined objectives, through the integrated and progressive teaching of the curricular unit in order to provide students with essential theoretical and practical knowledge in the matters of financial reporting and its application in real context, as explained: - Objectives 1 and 2 will be achieved with program contents 1, 2, 3 and 4 which aim to provide integrated knowledge of the accounting standardization system, conceptual structure, general accounting standards and their comparability with international standards, adopted in the EU . The essential aspects of the standards will be understood: NCRF-PE; NC-ME; and NCRF-ESNL. Within the scope of the general rules, relevant treatment will be given to NCRF 1, NCRF 3 and NCRF 4. - Objectives 3 and 4 will be achieved with syllabus 5, 6, 7 and 8, which aim to identify, explain and exercise the fundamental matters related to the preparation, presentation and disclosure of the financial statements provided for in the SNC. The analysis and interpretation of the usefulness of financial and non-financial information is a relevant scope. - Objective 5 will be achieved through the syllabus 9 which aims to raise awareness and train students to deal with the relevant matters of financial reporting in the scope of accountability to capital holders in corporate form. - Objective 6 will be achieved through the teaching of program content 10, which is structured to provide the theoretical and practical fundamental concepts and knowledge of the accountability process to the Tax and Customs Authority (AT) and other public entities. - Objective 7 will be ensured through the syllabus 11, which aims to provide students with the theoretical and practical aspects of accountability of entities with non-corporate form. - Objective 8 is based on the syllabus 12 and 13, which aim to provide the theoretical and practical knowledge of financial reporting by operational segments, and to understand the essential accounting aspects of environmental matters and their reporting.
Main literature
SNC - Sistema de Normalização Contabilística, 6ª Edição, Porto Editora, 2019. ISBN: 978-972-0-01983-7
Gonçalves, Cristina e outros;Relato Financeiro - Interpretação e análise, Vida Económica, 2016. ISBN: 9789897682100
Supplementary Bibliography
Sá Silva, Eduardo;Relatório Económico-Financeiro ¿ Análise de casos, Vida Económica, 2016. ISBN: 978-989-768-248-3
Sá Silva, Eduardo;Demonstração dos Fluxos de Caixa, 2ª Edição, Vida Económica, 2014. ISBN: 9789727885381
Borges, António; Rodrigues, Azevedo; Rodrigues, Rogério;Elementos da Contabilidade Geral - 26ª Edição, Áreas Editora, 2014. ISBN: 9789898058874
Learning Methods
The methodology of teaching / learning is based on the study of concepts and theoretical foundations of programmatic subjects, illustrated through the resolution and discussion of practical cases. Learning is consolidated through the individual study, the recommended bibliography and the resolution by the students of theoretical-practical exercises.
The economic-financial analysis and diagnosis of the company is carried out based on published reports and accounts.
It also includes the preparation and discussion of individual and group work (case study).
In addition to the recommended literature, students will be provided with supporting texts on the subjects to be addressed and formulation of practical cases through the Sigarra platform.
Assessment Components
Avaliação distribuída com exame final
Assessment Components
Description
Type
Time (hours)
Conclusion Date
Attendance (estimated)
Lessons
45
Teste/Exame
3
Trabalho laboratorial ou de campo
15
Trabalho laboratorial ou de campo
15
Study
67
Participação Presencial
15
Total:
160
Continuous Assessment
Participation in contact sessions(Submitted trough e-learning platform): 5% Written work (Submitted trough e-learning platform): 1 - 20% Individual written tests: 2 - 75%
Under the Regulations of the Degree in Business Management: a) The effective attendance of students in class will be recorded and, if the number of absences per student exceeds 30% of the total number of contact sessions for each course unit, will be automatically transferred to the final evaluation of the normal season; b) In the written tests and in the defined evaluation elements it is necessary to obtain a minimum grade of 7.5 points; c) If the student misses or achieves a grade lower than 7.5 points in the tests or evaluation elements referred to in the previous number, he / she will be automatically transferred to the final evaluation of the normal season; d) If the student misses or achieves a grade lower than 7.5 points in the second written test (held on the same date as the final written test of the normal season), he / she may require registration for evaluation at the time of appeal; e) All written academic work provided for in the assessment (reports, case studies, etc.) must be submitted to the Turnitin database, available on the ISAG E-Learning platform, with a similarity rate up to 30% acceptable.
Final Exam
Individual written test: 100%
Demonstration of the coherence between the teaching methodologies and the learning outcomes
The teaching methodology is based on the study of the concepts and theoretical foundations of the syllabus in order to provide students with essential theoretical knowledge and their ability to apply financial reporting methods and techniques to specific cases. In addition, the analysis, resolution and discussion of practical cases, at individual and group level, allows to consolidate the preparation and critical spirit of students in addressing the themes of the course.